North Korea fires ballistic missile into sea between Korean peninsula and Japan

North Korea launched a ballistic missile on a high angle that landed between the Korean peninsula and Japan early on Thursday (April 13), continuing its provocative run of weapons tests. The launch prompted Japan to issue an evacuation order that was later retracted for a northern island, showing the vigilance of North Korea’s neighbours over its evolving missile threats.

South Korea’s Joint Chiefs of Staff said the missile launched from near the North Korean capital Pyongyang flew toward the waters off the North’s east coast. The statement described the missile as having a medium or longer range, but didn’t say how far it flew.

Japanese Defence Minister Yasukazu Hamada told reporters that North Korea launched a possible intercontinental ballistic missile on a high angle. Hamada said the missile did not reach Japan’s exclusive economic zone.

North Korea has launched a ballistic missile on a high angle that landed in the waters between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. Thursday's launch continued a provocative run of weapons tests involving around 100 missiles this year and in 2022. https://t.co/LD81fM5eMh

— The Associated Press (@AP) April 13, 2023

Japan’s National Security Council to discuss the launch

Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida told reporters he planned a National Security Council meeting to discuss the launch. Asked over the accuracy of Japan’s information dissemination about future North Korean launches, Kishida said the government is checking related information including alerts.

North Korea commonly test-launches missiles toward the waters between the Korean peninsula and Japan. All its past ICBM launches were made in the area, but on elevated trajectories to avoid neighbouring countries.

Also read: North Korea test fires 2 more missiles as tensions escalate with US-South Korea

South Korea and Japan typically don’t issue evacuation orders for North Korean launches unless they determine that weapons flew in the direction of their territories. But after Thursday’s (April 13) launch, the Japanese government urged people on the northern-most island of Hokkaido to seek shelter.

The government then corrected and retracted its missile alert, saying its analysis showed there was no possibility of a missile landing near Hokkaido. It was unclear why Japan issued the order for a missile that didn’t fall near the island, but the incident suggested it was being cautious about North Korea’s evolving missile threats.

The Japanese government lifted an evacuation order for residents of the northern island of Hokkaido, saying an emergency warning system erroneously predicted that a missile launched from North Korea would fall near the island https://t.co/8Qz71k1gB0 pic.twitter.com/4p9UFbIMZg

— Reuters (@Reuters) April 12, 2023

Last October, Japanese authorities issued a similar evacuation order when a North Korean intermediate-range missile flew over Japan in a launch that demonstrated the potential to reach the US Pacific territory of Guam.

At the time, Japanese authorities alerted residents in its north-eastern regions to seek shelter, and halted trains, although no damages were reported before the weapon landed in the Pacific.

Kim Jong Un’s resolve to enhance nuclear arsenal

Thursday’s (April 13) launch came days after its leader Kim Jong Un vowed to enhance his nuclear arsenal in more practical and offensive ways. North Korea has launched about 100 missiles this year and in 2022, many of them nuclear-capable weapons that place the US mainland, South Korea, and Japan within striking distance.

Many were in response to South Korean-US military drills that it views as a rehearsal for an invasion.

Some observers say North Korea wants to use its rivals’ drills as a pretext to modernise its weapons arsenal and pressure Washington and Seoul to make concessions such as the lifting of economic sanctions.

Also read: North Korea fires missile as US, S. Korea prepare for drills

South Korean and US officials say their drills are defensive in nature and were arranged to respond to North Korea’s growing nuclear and missile threats.

During a military meeting on Monday (April 10), Kim reviewed the country’s frontline attack plans and various combat documents and stressed the need to bolster his nuclear deterrent with increasing speed on a more practical and offensive manner, according to North Korea’s official Korean Central News Agency.

There are concerns that North Korea could conduct its first nuclear test in more than five years since it unveiled a new type of nuclear warhead earlier this month. Foreign experts debate whether North Korea has developed warheads small and light enough to fit on its more advanced missiles.

North Korea not responding on inter-Korean hotlines

South Korean officials say North Korea has not been responding to South Korean calls on a set of cross-border inter-Korean hotlines for about a week. The North’s alleged suspension of communications on those channels could be worrisome because they are meant to prevent accidental clashes along the rivals’ disputed western sea boundary.

On Tuesday (April 11), South Korean Unification Minister Kwon Youngse, Seoul’s point man on the North, expressed strong regret over North Korea’s unilateral and irresponsible attitude over the hotlines. Kwon also warned unspecified legal action over the North’s use of South Korean assets at a now-stalled inter-Korean factory park in North Korea.

South Korea pulled its companies out of Kaesong in North Korea in 2016 following a North Korean nuclear test, removing the last remaining major symbol of cooperation between the rivals. North Korean state media recently showed what appeared to be South Korean commuter buses running in the streets of Kaesong and Pyongyang.

South Korea seek stronger US assurances of protection

North Korea’s advancing nuclear arsenal is expected to be a major topic during a summit between South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol and US President Joe Biden later this month in Washington. Yoon’s government has been seeking stronger US assurances that it will surely and swiftly use all its military capabilities, including nuclear, to protect South Korea in the event of a North Korean nuclear attack.

Also read: North Korea shows off largest-ever number of nuclear missiles

North Korea’s weapons testing spree has also raised the urgency for Seoul and Tokyo to strengthen their defense postures in conjunction with their alliances with the United States.

Experts say the discussions between world leaders at next month’s Group of Seven meetings in Japan could also be crucial for maintaining diplomatic pressure on North Korea given the dysfunction at the UN Security Council.

Permanent members China and Russia have blocked tighter sanctions on North Korea in recent months, underscoring a divide deepened by Russia’s war on Ukraine.

(With inputs from agencies)