SC asks Centre, Bihar, UP govt for response on encephalitis deaths

The Supreme Court on Monday sought a response within seven days from the Centre and the Bihar government on the issue of the deaths of more than 100 children in Muzaffarpur due to the outbreak of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES).

A bench of Justices, Sanjiv Khanna and B R Gavai also asked the Uttar Pradesh government to file a response on the deaths due to the disease in the state. The bench directed the Bihar government to file an affidavit on the adequacy of medical facilities, nutrition, sanitation, and the hygiene conditions in the state.

During the hearing, one of the lawyers informed the court that similar deaths had occurred earlier in Uttar Pradesh. The court took note of it and directed the state government to file its response as well.

The matter has been posted for hearing after 10 days.

Also read: Site, design of 100-bed PICU in Muzaffarpur finalized: Health Minister

The petition was filed by an advocate, Manohar Pratap, who said that he was deeply pained and saddened by the deaths of more than 126 children, mostly in the age group of one to 10 years, in the past weeks. The figures were rising day by day, the petition stated.

“The deaths of children are a direct result of negligence and inaction on the part of the respective state governments of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and the Union of India in handling the epidemical situation which arises every year due to the outbreak of AES, also called ‘Japanese encephalitis’,” the plea said.

It claimed that thousands of young children were losing their lives yearly from the disease, but the governments (states and Centre) had done nothing to prevent its spread.

“This year, i.e in 2019, the epicentre of the said disease is Muzaffarpur in Bihar where more than 126 children have lost their lives in past one week. Media reports show that there is an acute shortage of doctors, medical facilities, intensive care units, and other medical equipment in the hospitals in nearby areas, and children are dying in hospitals due to lack of required facilities,” the petition said.

Also read: Three more children die in Bihar, encephalitis toll touches 118 

The petitioner also sought directions for all possible steps to stop the disease outbreak in the earlier epicentre, Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh, and to create awareness about preventive steps and first-aid.

He has asked for a compensation of ₹10 lakh to members of the family of the deceased who have died due to negligence of the state machinery.

The petitioner sought a direction to the Centre for constituting a board of medical experts and immediately sending it to Muzaffarpur. He asked the apex court to direct the Centre and the Bihar government to immediately arrange 500 stationary and 100 mobile intensive care units (ICUs) with required medical professionals, to deal with patients from remote areas and the emergency situation which occurred due to the AES outbreak.

Symptoms of AES include high fever, convulsions, and extremely low blood sugar levels. One of the factors said to trigger the syndrome is malnutrition.

There were more than 44,000 cases and nearly 6,000 deaths from encephalitis in India between 2008 and 2014, said a 2017 study published in The Indian Journal of Medical Research (IJMR).

Researchers said that the patients often report acute onset of fever and altered consciousness, with a rapidly deteriorating clinical course, leading to death within hours.

Litchis grown in Muzaffarpur, the country’s largest litchi cultivation region, are said to contain a toxin which can cause a drop in blood sugar levels if consumed by a malnourished child.