Global life expectancy has climbed by 9 years in 3 decades: UN report
Globally, life expectancy reached 72.8 years in 2019, an increase of almost 9 years since 1990, said UN's World Population Prospects 2022 report
India is projected to overtake China as the world’s most populous country in 2023, according to a United Nations (UN) report. As per the ‘World Population Prospects 2022’ report released by the UN on World Population Day 2022 (July 11), the world’s population is projected to reach 8 billion on 15 November this year.
The latest projections by the UN suggest that the global population could grow to around 8.5 billion in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050 and 10.4 billion in 2100.
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In 2022, the two most populous regions were both in Asia: Eastern and South-Eastern Asia with 2.3 billion people (29% of the global population), and Central and Southern Asia with 2.1 billion (26%). China and India, with more than 1.4 billion each, accounted for most of the population in these two regions, the report said.
Life expectancy
According to the report, India’s population stands at 1.412 billion in 2022, compared to China’s 1.426 billion. In 2050, India is projected to have a population of 1.668 billion, way ahead of China’s 1.317 billion people.
“More than half of the projected increase in global population up to 2050 will be concentrated in just eight countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and the United Republic of Tanzania. Disparate growth rates among the world’s largest countries will re-order their ranking by size. India is projected to surpass China as the world’s most populous country during 2023,” it added.
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Globally, life expectancy reached 72.8 years in 2019, an increase of almost 9 years since 1990. Further, reductions in mortality are projected to result in an average longevity of around 77.2 years globally in 2050.
Life expectancy at birth for women exceeded that for men by 5.4 years globally, with female and male life expectancies standing at 73.8 and 68.4, respectively. A female survival advantage is observed in all regions and countries, ranging from 7 years in Latin America and the Caribbean to 2.9 years in Australia and New Zealand.
Outflow of migrants
As per the report, more than half of the projected increase in global population up to 2050 will be concentrated in just eight countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and the United Republic of Tanzania. Disparate growth rates among the world’s largest countries will re-order their ranking by size.
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Between 2010 and 2021, 40 countries or areas experienced a net inflow of more than 200,000 migrants each; in each of 17 of them, the net inflow over this period exceeded 1 million people.
For 10 countries, the estimated net outflow of migrants exceeded 1 million over the period from 2010 through 2021. In many of these countries, the outflows were due to temporary labour movements, such as for Pakistan (net flow of -16.5 million), India (-3.5 million), Bangladesh (-2.9 million), Nepal (-1.6 million) and Sri Lanka (-1.0 million). In other countries, including Syrian Arab Republic (-4.6 million), Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) (-4.8 million) and Myanmar (-1.0 million), insecurity and conflict drove the outflow of migrants over this period, the report said.
