US$90 billion could protect 700 million poor in pandemic: UN

The UN humanitarian chief said on Monday (April 27) that USD 90 billion could provide income support, food and a health response to the coronavirus pandemic for 700 million of the world’s most vulnerable people a price tag just 1 per cent of the USD 8 trillion stimulus package the 20 richest countries put in place to safeguard the global economy.

Mark Lowcock told a video briefing most experts agree that the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic hasn’t reached the poorest parts of the world, but may peak in the next three to six months.

He said about 700 million people 10 per cent of the world’s population are most vulnerable and concentrated in about 30 to 40 countries which already receive humanitarian assistance and will see a big drop in incomes as the virus spreads and governments impose restrictive measures and lockdowns.

“If you wanted to protect them against that drop in income, then probably for about USD 60 billion you could do that and for something like USD 30 billion people facing the threat of starvation can get food, and the health response to COVID-19 can be financed,” Lowcock said.

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“Probably two-thirds of the USD 90 billion could come from international financial institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. They would need to change the terms on which they provide assistance to some people,” he added.

So, for example, they would need to reduce interest rates and provide some debt relief. But they have the firepower if they were given a bit more subsidy to probably meet about two-thirds of the costs.

Lowcock said the remaining one-third could be financed by a one-time increase in government development assistance, adding that the argument he’s making is that a one-off 20 per cent increase will save you having to deal with a 10-year problem. USD 90 billion is a lot of money but it is an affordable sum of money.

“The UN is not going to appeal for USD 90 billion but what I am suggesting is a lot of the suffering and loss of life can be contained within sums of money which are imaginable,” Lowcock said.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres did launch a USD 2 billion appeal on March 25 to help vulnerable and conflict-torn countries in the Middle East, Asia, Africa and South America tackle the coronavirus pandemic.

Lowcock said he is encouraged the appeal has received a little over USD 1 billion in one month, including 300 million euros from Germany announced on Monday evening.

On May 7, he said, a revised appeal will be launched seeking additional resources because the pandemic is growing and new countries need help.

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Lowcock stressed that many things about COVID-19 aren’t known including how it spreads in countries that are warmer and more humid, how it interacts with other illnesses like malaria and HIV/AIDS, how it acts in situations where there is a lot of malnutrition and hunger, its impact in low income countries where people on average are younger, and whether people who recover have some protection against a future infection.

Lowcock, who is the UN undersecretary-general for humanitarian affairs, expressed hope that scientists will find the answers to these and other questions in the coming months.

In the poorest parts of the world, he said, the growth in case numbers is not yet as exponential as we’ve seen in, for example, in North America and Europe.

He said the curve is accelerating in African and cited some recent modeling by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine suggesting that many African countries will have a thousand new cases a week by May 1, and a few weeks after that could be getting 10,000 cases a week.

“Restrictive measures imposed by governments to tackle the pandemic are likely to have a bigger impact in poorer countries than wealthier ones because of the number of day laborers and hungry people who cant survive on their own resources. But the biggest impacts, we expect … will arise from the economic consequences of the pandemic,” he said.