Satellite images show China building military network near nuclear missile silos: Report

China is constructing an extensive network of military infrastructure in a remote desert region that analysts say could strengthen the survivability of its nuclear forces in the event of a first strike. The revelation came through satellite imagery reviewed by Reuters.

Expanding desert network

According to the report, the images show a growing system of launch pads, fortified facilities and communications sites spread across eastern Xinjiang, near silo fields housing some of China's longest-range nuclear missiles. Security experts who examined the imagery said the construction appears aimed at improving Beijing's ability to maintain a retaliatory nuclear capability.

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More than 80 concrete pads can be seen across the desert landscape, according to the satellite images. Analysts said these sites could support mobile missile launchers, air-defence systems, electronic warfare assets and communications equipment.

Hub near Hami silo fields

The infrastructure is centred on two octagon-shaped military installations located southwest of the Hami missile silo fields. The facilities are connected to surrounding launch sites through an extensive network of roads and possible communications conduits.

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"We can see this infrastructure is being built on a grand scale, covering thousands of square kilometers of desert beyond the silo fields," said Alexander Neill, an adjunct fellow at the Pacific Forum as quoted by Reuters.

Depending on the capabilities eventually deployed, he added, "we're looking at a very considerable enhancement and diversification of China's strategic nuclear deterrent."

China has long maintained that its nuclear strategy is based on deterrence and retaliation rather than initiating a nuclear conflict. The country's "no first use" policy remains a central element of that doctrine.

Strengthening second-strike capability

Analysts said protecting the Hami and other silo fields is critical to preserving a credible second-strike capability. While China also possesses submarine- and aircraft-based nuclear delivery systems, land-based missiles remain a key component of its deterrent posture.

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The report stated that Satellite images indicate recent military activity around one of the octagon facilities, including the presence of large vehicles, temporary structures and what some analysts described as possible camouflaged launch positions.

Experts cautioned that the exact role of the facilities remains unclear. While the infrastructure could support nuclear operations, they said it may also serve broader military functions.

Questions remain over role

Hans Kristensen of the Federation of American Scientists said the scale of the project makes definitive conclusions difficult but notable.

"I've never seen anything quite like it," Kristensen said adding "it's an extraordinary effort."

Analysts also pointed to the possible construction of communications facilities, including towers and satellite equipment, which may support command-and-control functions linked to nearby missile bases.